How the index is built

Every number on these pages can be traced to a provider's own published price and a fixed calculation. This page is the whole calculation. There is no proprietary engine.

1. Sources

Prices are collected directly from each provider's public pricing — their API where one exists, their pricing page where not. We do not license, scrape or resell any aggregator's data. 52 providers are read on every run.

A pricing page is read one of two ways. Where the prices are in the page's HTML, a plain fetch is enough. Where the page builds its price table in the browser, a headless browser loads it and the rendered text is read instead — the same text a visitor sees. Either way the extraction is the same: a GPU name, the price beside it, and the GPU count if the unit is a node. Prices published in euros are converted at that run's ECB-derived rate, which is recorded with the snapshot; per-second and per-minute billing is multiplied out to the hour.

Every provider was enabled only after its extracted prices were checked by hand against its page, and each price must fall inside a plausible band for its GPU or it is discarded — a mispaired number is worse than a missing one. A provider whose page changes shape yields nothing until it is re-checked; it never yields garbage.

Provider	Type	Method
Amazon Web Services	hyperscaler	Public on-demand price list for Linux, us-east-1. Instance price divided by GPU count.
Microsoft Azure	hyperscaler	Azure Retail Prices API, Linux, eastus. Pay-as-you-go and Spot recorded separately. VM price divided by GPU count.
RunPod Secure Cloud	neocloud	Public GPU-type listing. Secure Cloud is RunPod's own datacentre capacity, quoted per GPU-hour.
RunPod Community Cloud	marketplace	Third-party hosts renting through RunPod. Quoted per GPU-hour; a listing may have no hosts behind it.
Lambda	neocloud	Public on-demand pricing page. Instance price divided by GPU count.
Vast.ai	marketplace	Public offer search, verified and rentable hosts only. Each offer is one observation; on-demand rate, not interruptible bids.
Oracle Cloud	hyperscaler	OCI's public price-list API (the cost estimator's feed), pay-as-you-go, per GPU-hour as listed. One price worldwide.
CoreWeave	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Massed Compute	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Civo	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Koyeb	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Oblivus	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
DataCrunch (Verda)	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
GPU.ai	marketplace	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Replicate	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Paperspace (DigitalOcean)	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Beam	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Latitude.sh	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Spheron	marketplace	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Runcrate	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Lyceum	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
fal.ai	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Enverge	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
HyperAI	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Packet.ai	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Cyfuture AI	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Vultr	hyperscaler	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Crusoe	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Hyperstack	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Nebius	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Together AI	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Modal	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Jarvislabs	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Thunder Compute	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
GMI Cloud	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Baseten	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
DigitalOcean GPU Droplets	hyperscaler	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Lightning AI	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
SaladCloud	marketplace	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Scaleway	hyperscaler	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Cerebrium	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Taiga Cloud	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Neysa	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
E2E Networks	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
TensorDock	marketplace	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
io.net	marketplace	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Akash	marketplace	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Northflank	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Qubrid	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Seeweb	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
OVHcloud	hyperscaler	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.
Denvr Dataworks	neocloud	Public pricing page, parsed. Per-GPU price is the listed per-GPU rate, or the node price divided by GPU count. Prices near reserved, committed or contract terms are discarded; anything outside a plausible range for the GPU is discarded.

2. One observation per priced unit

Each config a provider sells — an instance type, a VM SKU, a marketplace offer — becomes one row: provider, GPU, GPU count, billing type, hourly price for the whole unit. Nothing is aggregated at this stage and nothing is thrown away. A marketplace with 200 listings for one GPU yields 200 rows.

Rows are only created where the GPU model and count are known with certainty from the provider's naming. SKUs we cannot map are logged and skipped, never guessed. Fractional-GPU products — a sixth of an A10, a MIG slice — are excluded: a fraction of a GPU is not a GPU price.

3. Normalise to $/GPU/hour

price per GPU-hour = unit price per hour ÷ GPUs in the unit. An 8×H100 node at $27.20/hr is recorded as $3.40 per GPU-hour. This is the only way to compare an eight-GPU hyperscaler instance with a single-card marketplace listing, and it is the convention every published index uses.

It has a known bias: a hyperscaler instance price also buys CPUs, RAM, storage and network, so hyperscaler per-GPU figures carry that overhead. We do not attempt to strip it out — there is no defensible way to — but the summary chart stacks by provider type precisely so that premium is visible rather than hidden.

4. The headline: a median of medians

For each GPU, on each day:

1. Take every on-demand, in-stock row for that GPU.
2. Group by provider. Reduce each provider to the median of its own per-GPU prices.
3. The headline is the median of those provider medians.

Step 2 is what stops a provider with thirty instance sizes — or a marketplace with three hundred hosts — from dominating the figure. Every provider counts once. The result is a measure of where the market sits, not where the cheapest corner of it is.

Spot, interruptible and reserved prices never enter the median. They are recorded, and they set the “floor, any billing” figure, but a price that can be revoked or requires a commitment is not the on-demand market.

5. Cheapest, floor and monthly

Cheapest is the lowest on-demand per-GPU price seen from any provider. Floor, any billing is the lowest price across every billing type including spot. Monthly is hourly × 720, the conventional month.

6. History

Every collector run is stored as a snapshot and committed to the repository, so the history of the index is the version history of the data, and every price change is a diff anyone can inspect. Runs are at least daily. The latest snapshot is 2026-10-11; there are 84 in total.

One backfill, clearly marked. Live collection began 2026-09-11. Before that date, the only history is Lambda's, taken from the Internet Archive's dated copies of lambda.ai/pricing — 16 monthly captures from 2025-06-04. Those are real prices Lambda published on real dates; each row records the archive URL it was read from. On those dates the index is one provider, and the charts draw it as one provider's line rather than pretending to a market median. No other provider has usable archived pricing — the others render their prices in the browser, so the archive holds no numbers.

Nothing is interpolated or estimated. A run with no data for a provider is a gap in that provider's line, not a straight line across it.

7. Ranking

The summary table is ordered by provider coverage, then by price. It is deliberately not ordered by our own traffic to each GPU's page, which would make the ranking a function of the ranking.

8. Model fit

The “what fits” table on each GPU page uses the same arithmetic as the rest of Runyard: memory needed = weights (parameters × bits per weight ÷ 8) + KV cache at 8K context + about a gigabyte of runtime overhead, against 90% of the card's memory. Capacity follows total parameters even for mixture-of-experts models. Where one GPU is not enough, GPUs required = ceiling(needed ÷ usable), and the set is priced at that day's median.

9. Known limitations

• One region per hyperscaler (us-east-1, eastus). Other regions differ.
• Linux pricing only. Windows licensing is excluded.
• Marketplace prices are the on-demand rate of each listing at collection time; they move continuously.
• Fixed-price providers are assumed in stock. Only marketplaces report availability per listing.
• The provider set is small and growing; the median moves as providers are added. A change in the median on the day a provider is added reflects coverage, not the market.

Questions